Tuesday, November 27, 2012

Two Cities, Two Performances: a Homily for Christ the King



Christ the King (Evensong)

When (Jesus) entered Jerusalem, the whole city was in turmoil, asking, “Who is this?” The crowds were saying, “This is the prophet Jesus from Nazareth in Galilee.”
Matthew 21:11

It takes two. Two disciples fetch two donkeys; according to St. Matthew, the city of Jerusalem into which Jesus rides has two meanings: at once the holy city and ‘the city that kills the prophets’ (Mt. 23.37). Even the people make up two groups: the whole city who ask ‘who is this?’, and the crowd that responds knowingly. And of course there is Jesus: Son of Mary, Son of God. The entire episode that we commemorate today on Christ the King sunday almost collapses under the weight of these pairings.

‘The whole city was in turmoil’, St. Matthew records. Turmoil is too mild for the meaning of its Greek original. St. Matthew uses a word that is reserved for a violent movement, a shaking or disturbing of the world[1]. The word translated as ‘turmoil’ can also mean earthquake. Jesus’ arrival in Jerusalem is of cosmic, earthshaking significance. It is a time of crisis, a moment of decision. The two donkeys carrying the man of two natures into the city that is at once holy and deadly populated by those who celebrate the arrival and those who question it; something is bound to happen.
Centuries ago, the great African saint, Augustine of Hippo, spoke of two cities. He said, 

two cities have been formed by two loves . . . The earthly by the love of self, even to the contempt of God; the heavenly by the love of God, even to the contempt of self . . . The one delights in its own strength, represented in the persons of the rulers; the other says to God, ‘I will love Thee, O Lord, my strength.’[2]
The two cities are not two separate entities like New York City, and say, Boston; but two performances[3]. That is, two patterns of human living in a single world of God’s creating: one pattern shaped and formed by the story of salvation enacted by God in the human life of Jesus – a story played out in history through the concrete existence of God’s people, the church; the other pattern, shaped and formed by the story of sin, of our insatiable desire to take, possess and control people, places and things. This is a world of scarcity that like evil and sin, is overcome by the abundance of God’s goodness and love. Two paths of life: one of abundance and life, the other of fear and scarcity. 

Two donkey’s two natures; two cities; but we are not done yet. There is one more pairing: Life and death. To this destiny, Jesus rides on; to this destiny, we must decide: will it be city and reign of God, or will we settle for the illusion of self-control?


[1] seíō [to shake, tremble], seismós [shaking, earthquake]
[2] Augustine, City of God, Book XIV, 28
[3] William Cavanaugh, “From One City to Two”, Migrations of the Holy, p. 49.

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